The performance of BDD electrodes can often be greatly improved by modifying their size, shape and surface structure. 16,17 BDD electrodes can also be used for water treatment and purification, 18 for detecting trace amounts of contaminants in water via anodic stripping voltammetry, 19 electrosynthesis of organic 20 and inorganic 21 compounds, neural interfacing, 22,23 and the fabrication of supercapacitors. 9,10 The pharmaceutical industry has begun utilising BDD electrodes for electroanalysis, which can be used to successfully detect a diverse range of biological molecules including caffeine, 11 glucose, 12 organic acids, 13 serotonin and histamine, 14 purines, 15 and even cofactors such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. 3–8 These properties make BDD electrodes an exciting alternative to more traditional carbon allotrope electrodes such as glassy carbon, pyrolytic graphite and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite, making many electrochemical applications more attractive and viable. 2 Highly conducting boron-doped diamond (BDD) films exhibit a number of properties that make them attractive for use as electrochemical electrodes in particular they have a low background current, extreme electrochemical stability in both acidic and alkaline media, high resistance to fouling, and a wide potential window in aqueous solutions. ![]() 1 Doping the diamond with different amounts of boron allows the film conductivity to be varied from insulating to near-metallic. Introduction Diamond films grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) are finding an increasing number of applications due to the superlative properties of diamond coupled with their rising availability and affordability from a number of commercial suppliers. We will show that BDD-coated bSi also acts as an effective antibacterial surface, with the added advantage that being diamond-coated it is far more robust and less likely to become damaged than Si. ![]() Finally, the nanostructured surface of bSi has recently been found to generate a mechanical bactericidal effect, killing both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria at high rates. A clinically relevant demonstration of the efficacy of these electrodes is shown by measuring their sensitivity for detection of dopamine (DA) in the presence of an excess of uric acid (UA). We now show that coating a bSi surface composed of 15 μm-high needles conformably with BDD produces a robust electrochemical electrode with high sensitivity and high electroactive area. ![]() This is a synthetic nanostructured material that contains high-aspect-ratio nano-protrusions, such as spikes or needles, on the Si surface produced via plasma etching. This report describes a method to fabricate high-surface-area boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes using so-called ‘black silicon’ (bSi) as a substrate. Albert Einstein, 400, CEP 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil d Oxford Instruments Plasma Technology, Yatton, Bristol BS49 4AP, UK e School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY UK Washington Luís km 235, São Carlos CEP: 13560-970, SP, Brazil c Departamento de Componentes Semicondutores, Instrumentos e Fotônica, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Av. ![]() E-mail: b Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. B, 2016, 4, 5737-5746 Diamond-coated ‘black silicon’ as a promising material for high-surface-area electrochemical electrodes and antibacterial surfaces †Į a School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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